Pharmacogenetic Test

A Simple Solution to Safe and Effective Medication

Overview

Test info

FAQs

Based on the individual’s genotype,
the drug metabolism among patients can be different.

What is a pharmacogenetics test?

A pharmacogenetics test analyzes the genetic information of DNA in the blood of the treatment recipient to evaluate the metabolic rate, sensitivity and resistance of the drug, and can estimate the therapeutic effect and predict the incidence of adverse events.

The test results can be used to optimize drug selection after consulting with a physician. The test will prevent unexpected emergencies related to drug resistance or drug sensitivity.

Relationship between Drug and Gene

The same medicine may have a different therapeutic efficacy depending on the patient,
and some may not have an adequate therapeutic effect.
Pharmacogenetics testing propose safe and effective doses by genotyping tests
that indicate potential differences in drug responses.

Why should consider pharmacogenetics test?

Leading cause of death Is adverse Drug Reactions

Of hospital admissions are related to adverse reaction to medicines

Of people do not Respond to their drugs

Adverse Drugs Events are preventable

Everyone response Differently to Drugs

Find out your compatbility with 34 common drugs that everyone is likely to take at least once in their lifetime

Results of 34 commonly used medicines
Systematic reviews of the literature and clinical guidelines for prescribing drugs according to the genotype
Prevention of adverse drug reactions by genotype
Prevention of indiscreet drug abuse
Increased therapeutic effects by changing drugs or adjusting dosage
Drug genotyping has to be done only once in a lifetime.

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What is the key factor for the Pharmacogenetics test?

Provides Information for optimal medications to help save life and your pocket.

Risk of Drug Sensitivity and Resistance based on your genotype

Risk of experiencing Adverse Reaction to Drugs based on your genotype

Structured References and Guidelines tailored to each individual

Information of 34 drug products

Drug sensitivity and drug resistance

For drug treatment, maintaining the drug’s blood concentration within normal parameters is important

Drug sensitivity may increase the risk of toxic effects and the incidence of adverse events. It is the factor related to the decrease in the drug’s therapeutic efficacy and the incidence of secondary diseases. Therefore, there is a need to perform genotype screening for groups at high risk for drug sensitivity or drug resistance before prescribing safe and effective medications.

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Necessity of Pharmacogenetic Testing

Utilization of genetic test in personalized medicine

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Notion of drug genotypes

For drug genotypes, the haplotype notation, HGVS notation in accordance with international standards and idiomatic notation that has been used for a long time are used together according to the characteristics of the subject gene.

Notation method of drug genotypes	Subject Genes	Example and interpretation of notation
Haplotype	CYP2C9, CYP2C19	CYP2C9 1/3 CYP2C9 = Name of the gene 1 = Normal haplotype / = Mark to delimit haplotype 3 = Variant haplotype (Numbers other than *1 means a variant haplotype.)
HGVS	ADRB1, AGTR1, CACNA1C, COQ2, NEDD4L, SLC47A2, RCF7L2	SLC47A2 c.-130TT SLC47A2 = Name of the gene c.-130 = Location of the genotype from the stand point of gene translation TT = Sequence pair located at c.-130
Idiomatic Notation	ACE	ACE I/D (insertion/deletion genotype of the well-known intron 16 region of the ACE gene) ACE = Name of gene I = Insertion (insertion of the sequence in intron 16 region, academic idiomatic notation) / = Mart to delimit haplotype D = Deletion (deletion of the sequence in intron 16 region, academic idiomatic notation)

PharmGKB literature assessment level

PharmGKB Level

PharmGKB is a highly reliable integrated database that provides important pharmacogenetic information and dose regimen recommendation guidelines, correlation between genotypes and phenotypes and related pharmacogenetic study results. It assesses drugs, classifying them by level 1A, 1B, 2A, 2B, 3 and 4 according to their importance. 1A is the highest literature assessment level and 4 is the relatively lowest level. However, it is necessary to consider some important clinical papers excluded from PharmGKB.

PharmGKB Level

We conducted clinical literature evidence assessment on 34 types of drugs included in the pharmacogenetics test, including important clinical papers excluded or omitted in the assessment. Our assessment levels are graded as Level 1, 2 and 3. Level 1 has 3 or more highly reliable published articles, level 2 has 2 or more highly reliable published articles and level 3 has only 1 highly reliable published article. The levels of published articles are the results of literature assessment for now, which can be changed according to the pharmacogenetic study results in the future.

Technical Terms

Standard dose / dose regimen

It means the standard dose and dose regimen are followed because it was predicted that no specific clinical reaction caused by the drug is shown

Decrease in dose

It means the dose of the test subject should be reduced according to the standard dose / dose regimen guidelines because it is predicted that side effects due to an increase in drug sensitivity caused by the drug will occur

Increase in dose

It means the dose of the test subject should be increased according to the standard dose / dose regimen guidelines because it is predicted that drug resistance to the drug will occur

Increase in drug sensitivity

It is the case when it is predicted that the blood concentration and drug sensitivity will increase due to the increase in the residues in the body and the residual period of the drug. The increase in drug sensitivity is the main cause of side effects. There are no standard dose / dose regimen guidelines according to the genotype in this case, but the possibility of toxicity increases upon administration of the drug. Therefore, there is a need for a specialist to consider the use of a alternative drug

Increase in drug resistance

It is the case when it is predicted that the blood concentration will decrease and drug resistance will increase due to the decrease in the residues in the body and the residual period of the drug. The increase in drug resistance is a cause of decreasing therapeutic effects of drugs. There are no dose / dose regimen guidelines according to the genotype in this case, but the therapeutic effects decreased when the drug is administered. Therefore, there is a need for a specialist to consider an increase in dose or use of a alternative drug.

Use of alternative drug

It is the case when it is predicted that the possibility for drug compliance to decrease due to drug sensitivity or drug resistance and the use of a alternative drug according to the standard dose / dose regimen guidelines is recommended.

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